What is a potential risk factor for developing cataracts?

The correct answer encompasses several well-documented risk factors for developing cataracts. Cataracts can occur when the proteins in the lens of the eye begin to break down and clump together, leading to clouding that impairs vision.

Excessive sun exposure is a significant risk factor because ultraviolet (UV) rays can damage the lens over time. Individuals who experience prolonged exposure to sunlight without adequate eye protection increase their likelihood of developing cataracts.

High blood pressure has also been associated with an increased risk of cataract formation. This condition can lead to changes in blood flow and may affect the health and clarity of the ocular lens.

Diabetes mellitus is another critical risk factor because high blood sugar levels can lead to the accumulation of sorbitol in the lens, which can cause swelling and contribute to cataract formation. Individuals with diabetes are statistically shown to develop cataracts earlier than those without diabetes.

Each of these factors can independently influence the risk of cataract development, thereby making the option that includes all of them the most comprehensive and accurate choice. Recognizing these associations is crucial for patient education and prevention strategies in ophthalmic practice.